The trial or petit jury of12 persons is used in trials of common law, both criminal and civil, except where the right to a jury trial is waived by consent of all parties at law. 对12人的审判或小陪审团是在共同使用的法律,刑事和民事审判,除非对陪审团审判的权利在法律上是由各方同意豁免。
Then some institutions in common law are discussed, which are the writs, jury, stare decisis, supremacy of law. 接着文章又介绍了普通法传统的几项制度,包括令状制度、陪审制度、遵循先例制度和法律至上原则。
To practice the legal doctrine of arrest writs or warrants and build the mechanism of the separation of custody from arrestment; Then some institutions in common law are discussed, which are the writs, jury, stare decisis, supremacy of law. 实行逮捕的令状主义规则,建立逮捕与羁押相分离的体制;接着文章又介绍了普通法传统的几项制度,包括令状制度、陪审制度、遵循先例制度和法律至上原则。
Part 2: to establish the precedent taxation and to solve the problem of its abuse. including: The defination of the precedent taxation; Then some institutions in common law are discussed, which are the writs, jury, stare decisis, supremacy of law. 第二部分建立税务先例制度解决自由裁量权滥用问题接着文章又介绍了普通法传统的几项制度,包括令状制度、陪审制度、遵循先例制度和法律至上原则。
The former has a good professional knowledge of the professional judges, who judge the general public for the layman, such as the common law jury trial, civil law jury and other people in our country. 前者为具有良好专业素养的专业法官,后者为外行普通市民法官,英美法系中如英国的陪审团成员、大陆法系中如我国的人民陪审员等。
In common law countries justices, jury system intentionally reflects litigation tradition and litigation concept of common law countries. It is the most distinctive system. 在英美法系国家的司法裁判中,陪审制度比较集中地反映了英美法系的诉讼传统和诉讼观念,是一种最具特色的制度。
The jury system is the common law is an important system, the members of the jury is generally come from social bottom people who represent the interests of ordinary people, the jury opinion in Anglo-American law is used to determine whether the guilty. 陪审团制度是英美法一项重要制度,陪审团的成员一般是来自社会最底层的民众,他们代表的是普通民众的利益,陪审团的意见在英美法系是用来确定是否有罪的。